Description
Taylor & Francis Advanced Water Technologies Concepts and Applications 2020 Edition by P.K. Tewari
The book explores basic concepts and advanced topics in the field of water technologies. It deals extensively with advances in materials, material selection, preparation, characterization and application. The relevance of water technologies in industries is considered, and a section is dedicated to describing and analyzing the technologies required for water reuse and advanced purification, including desalination. Nuclear desalination, low-carbon desalination and water purification technologies to address the adverse impacts of climate change are examined from both the adaptation and mitigation points of view. Aimed at senior undergraduate/graduate students in chemical, civil and environmental engineering, along with wastewater and desalination researchers, this book:Details advanced water treatments for varied processes.Describes membrane and desalination techniques for water reuse and advanced purification.Elaborates water technologies at both the front and back ends of the process.Discusses modern technologies for effluent treatment and water recycling.Explores the role of information technology in the water sector. Table of contents : - Chapter 1Water1.1 Water- A Miracle Compound1.2 Water on Earth1.3 Water Quality1.3.1 Trophic States1.3.2 Dissolved Oxygen1.3.3 Contaminants1.4 Water Security1.5 Water Resource Management1.5.1 Water Harvesting1.5.2 Recharge through Isotope Hydrology1.6 Water Contaminants Monitoring through Isotope Techniques1.7 Measurements of discharge rate in canals and mountainous rivers1.8 Desalination & water PurificationChapter 2Membrane Technologies for Water Purification2.1 Introduction2.2 Membranes2.2.1 Isotropic (Symmetric) Membranes2.2.2 Anisotropic (Asymmetric) Membranes2.3 Membrane Technologies2.3.1 Microfiltration2.3.2 Ultrafiltration (UF)2.3.3 Nanofiltration (NF)2.3.4 Reverse Osmosis (RO)2.3.5 Electrodialysis2.4 Membrane Characteristics & Applications2.5 Other Membrane Systems and Membranes for Water Purification2.5.1 Membrane Contactor2.5.2 Membrane Distillation2.5.3 Biomimetic Membranes2.6 Transport Mechanism in Membrane Filtration2.6.1 Gel Polarization Model2.6.2 Resistance Model2.7 Transport Mechanism in Electrodialysis Membrane2.8 Membrane Structures2.8.1 Neutral Microporous Membranes2.8.2 Asymmetric Microporous Membranes2.9 Homogeneous Membranes2.9.1 Homogeneous Polymer Membranes2.10 Liquid Membrane2.11 Ion-Exchange Membranes2.12 Composite membranes2.12.1 Preparation Method of Composite Membranes2.13 Membrane Modules2.13.1 Hollow Fiber Modules2.13.2 Plate & Frame module2.13.3 Tubular Membrane Module2.13.4 Spiral Wound Module 2.13.5 Module Selection2.14 Concentration Polarization & Fouling2.14.1 Concentration Polarisation2.14.2 Membrane Fouling2.15 Materials for Different Membrane Processes2.15.1 Materials for Ultrafiltration Membrane2.15.2 Materials for Reverse Osmosis Membrane2.15.3 Materials for Nanofiltration Membrane2.15.4 Materials for Pervaporation Membranes2.15.5 Materials for Ion Exchange Membranes2.16 Need for Nanocomposite Membrane2.17 Case Studies2.17.1 On-line Water Purifier Based on Polysulfone Ultrafiltration Membrane2.17.2 Membrane Assisted Sorption Based Water Purification Installed in Rural Area2.17.3 Ceramic Membrane Based MicrofiltrationChapter 3Nanotechnology for Water Purification3.1 Introduction3.2 Nanomaterials and Water Purification3.3 Nanomaterial for Water Purification3.3.1 Zeolites3.3.2 Dendrimers3.3.3 Metal containing nanoparticles3.3.4 Carbon nanotubes (CNTs)3.3.5 Other nanomaterials3.4 Synthesis of nanomaterials3.5 Nanotechnology: Health, Safety and Environment3.6 Domestic Water Purification3.6.1 Sustainability of a Water Purification Technology3.6.2 Challenges with Integrated Nano-Based Systems for Water PurificationChapter 4Nanocomposite Membranes in Water Treatment4.1 Introduction4.2 Nanocomposites4.2.1 Carbon NanoTube (CNT) Reinforcement4.2.2 Metal Oxide Reinforcement4.2.3 Nano-Clay Reinforcement4.2.4 Organic Materials Reinforcement4.2.5 Dendrimers Reinforcement4.2.6 Zeolite Reinforcement4.2.7 Silver Reinforcement4.2.8 Graphene Oxide (GO) Reinforcement4.2.9 Hybrid Materials Reinforcement4.3 Thin Film Nano-composite (TFN)4.3.1 Chlorine Resistant Properties4.3.2 Thermal Stability4.3.3 Antifouling Properties4.3.4 Antibacterial Properties4.3.5 Permeability and Selectivity4.3.6 Thin Film Composite with Nanocomposite Substrate4.4 Bioinspired Membranes4.4.1 Carbon Nanotube Membrane4.4.2 Graphene Membranes4.4.3 Aquaporin Membranes4.5 Challenges & OpportunitiesChapter 5Desalination5.1 Introduction5.2 Global Desalination Scenario5.3 Commercial Desalination Processes5.3.1 Multi-Stage Flash (MSF)5.3.2 Multi- Effect Distillation (MED)5.3.3 Vapour Compression (VC)5.3.4 Reverse Osmosis (RO)5.3.5 Electrodialysis (ED)5.3.6 Comparison5.4 Nuclear Desalination5.5 Low Carbon Desalination5.6 Recovery of Valuables from Brine Effluent5.7 Brackish Water Desalination5.8 Alternate Technologies5.8.1 Solar and Wind Powered Desalination5.8.2 Membrane Distillation5.8.3 Capacitive Deionisation (CDI)5.8.4 Desalination through Carbon Aerogel (CAG)5.8.5 Freezing5.8.6 Water Harvesting from Air5.8.7 Submarine Desalination5.8.8 Thermocline Driven Desalination5.8.9 Utilization of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW)5.9 Cost Reduction Strategies through Technological Innovations5.10 Case Studies5.10.1 Seawater Desalination5.10.2 Brackish Water Desalination in Rural and Remote AreaChapter 6Water Treatment and Purification6.1 Drinking Water Purification6.1.1 Common Contaminants in Water6.1.2 Monitoring6.1.3 Conventional Water Purification6.1.3.1 Sedimentation and Coagulation6.1.3.2 Chemical Disinfection6.1.3.3 BioSand Filtration6.1.3.4 Ceramic Filtration6.1.3.5 Rice Husk Concrete Filtration6.1.3.6 Colloidal Silver Based Filtration6.1.3.7 Ion-Exchange as Water Softener6.1.4 Recommendations6.2 Industrial Water Treatment6.2.1 Industrial Water Uses6.2.2 Water Treatment in Industries6.2.3 Case Studies6.3 Water Treatment for the River RejuvenationChapter 7Wastewater Treatment, Recycle & Reuse7.1 Wastewater Treatment7.2 Recycle and Reuse7.2.1 Photocatalytic Method7.2.2 Biotechnology7.2.3 Membrane Processes for Recycle & Reuse7.3 Industrial Wastewater7.4 Case Studies7.4.1 Wastewater in Tannery Industries7.4.2 Recycle and Reuse in Textile Industries7.5 Benefits of Water Reuse & Recovery of ValuablesChapter 8Guidelines for Setting-up Plant based on Advanced Water Technology8.1. Introduction8.2 Selection of Technology8.3 Site Selection & Field Studies8.4 Utilities & Auxiliary Services8.5 Project Description8.5.1 Process Description8.5.2 Waste Generation8.6 Safety Considerations8.7 Project Completion Period8.8 Contract & Delivery Models8.9 Financial Analysis8.10 Environment Impact Assessment8.10.1 Scope of the EIA Study Chapter 9Challenges & Opportunities9.1 Introduction9.2 Challenges9.2.1 Environmental Challenges9.3 Rural Applications of the Technology9.4 Environmental Protection and Pollution Prevention Aspects9.5 Opportunities9.6 Industry Academia Interaction9.7 Business Model9.8 Challenges & OpportunitiesChapter 10Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Water Management10.1 Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) in Integrated Water Sector10.2 AIoT Enabled Water Treatment10.3 AIoT Driven Water Management10.4 Sensor Development for AIoT in Water Sector10.5 Major Focus Area