Description
Humana Press COX2 Blockade in Cancer Prevention and Therapy 1st Editon 2010 Softbound by Randall E. Harris
The revelation that aspirin and aspirin-like compounds have notableantineo plastic properties has revolutionized cancer research. COX-2 Blockade in Cancer Prevention and Therapy chronicles the evidence and presents exciting new op portunities for the use of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) blockade in the prevention and treatment of cancer. The text is divided broadly into five areas. First, an historical overview documents the scientific discovery ofCOX-2 and the pharma ceutical development of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) designed for selective COX-2 inhibition. The process by which essential poly unsaturated fatty acids (PUF As) stimulate prostaglandin biosynthesis and cancer development, and its interruption by COX-2 inhibition, is elucidated. This is followed by a section on the epidemiology of NSAIDs and cancers of the colon and breast, and other anatomic sites. These chapters reflect significant cancer protection owing to the regular use of common NSAIDs such as aspirin and ibuprofen. A section on animal models of carcinogenesis presents comprehensive evidence that general NSAIDs inhibit a variety of malignant neoplasms in vivo, and highlights recent findings which show that COX-2 blocking agents produce striking chemopreventive effects against colon cancer and breast cancer as well as other malignancies. Genetic models are presented confirming the critical role of COX-2 in carcinogenesis. Section IV then discusses the molecular biology of COX -2 vis-a-vis the role of COX -2 and, to a lesser extent, COX -1, in modulating a number of important processes in molecular carcinogenesis such as mutagen esis, cell division, angiogenesis, cell differentiation, and apoptosis. I. Historical Perspectives.- l Dietary Fatty Acids, COX-2 Blockade, and Carcinogenesis.- 2 Historical Aspects of COX-2: Cloning and Characterization of the cDNA, Protein and Gene.- II. Epidemiology of NSAIDS and Cancer.- 3 Epidemiology of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs and Colorectal Cancer.- 4 Epidemiology of Breast Cancer and Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs: Extension of the Dietary Fat Hypothesis of Breast Cancer.- III. Animal Models of Carcinogenesis.- 5 Role of Synthetic and Naturally Occurring Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors in Colon Cancer Prevention.- 6 Chemoprevention of Breast Cancer by Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs and Selective COX-2 Blockade in Animals.- 7 The Role of Cyclooxygenase-2 in the Prevention and Therapy of Lung Cancer.- 8 Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs, Prostaglandins, and Apc-Driven Intestinal Tumorigenesis.- 9 Cyclooxygenase-1 and Cyclooxygenase-2 Knockout Mice Provide Insights into Beneficial and Adverse Effects of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs.- IV. Molecular Biology of CXO.- 10 Cyclooxygenase-2, Prostaglandins, and Colorectal Carcinogenesis.- 11 Regulation of Expression and Potential Carcinogenic Role of Cyclooxygenase-2.- 12 Cyclooxygenase-2 and Cancer.- 13 Interactions of Cyclooxygenase and Aromatase Pathways in Normal and Malignant Breast Cells.- 14 Association of COX-2 and PPARs in Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention.- 15 Carcinogenesis Involving Cyclooxygenase and Lipoxygenase.- V. Clinical Applications.- 16 The Development of Drugs that Target Cyclooxygenase-2.- 17 Chemoprevention of Cancer by NSAIDs and Selective COX-2 Blockade.- 18 Potential for Inhibitors of Cyclooxygenase-2 to Enhance Tumor Radioresponse.- 19 Potential Role of NSAIDs and COX-2 Blockade in Cancer Therapy.- 20 Cyclooxygenase-2 Blockade in Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Widening the Scope of Impact.