Description
Springer Calving Management And Newborn Calf Care An Interactive Textbook For Cattle Medicine And Obstetrics by João Simões, George Stilwell
This comprehensive textbook provides detailed information on calving management in dairy and beef cattle. Enriched with diverse learning opportunities, it conveys the fundamentals of reproductive anatomy and physiology, parturition, birth complications and various obstetrical manoeuvres, as well as dam and calf care. In order to promote best practices in this specialized subject, the book covers all significant points from conception to calving and the perinatal period. Clear chapter structures, a wealth of illustrations and videos, obstetrical case studies, and question-and-answer lists round out the reading experience, making the book a unique source of information on how to support mother cows and obtain viable offspring. In addition, readers can download the free Springer Nature Flashcards App and benefit from 77 digital study questions to test their knowledge.Calving is a significant event in terms of providing care and nutrition for mother cows and calves. The reproductive health status in cattle farms is crucial to immediately initiate lactation and new conception. Assistance by technical personnel, dystocia and stillbirth occurrences can reach ca. 50%, 14% and 6% of parturitions, respectively. Hence, zootechnical and veterinary management of calving is of great importance for animal welfare.This textbook makes a valuable contribution to teaching and everyday practice in cattle medicine and obstetrics. Veterinary students, residents, practitioners and technical personnel will discover it to be a rich learning and reference resource. -Preliminary -Chapter 1 Generalities/Introduction1.1. Reproduction in cattle (definitions, implications with production ...)1.1.1. Dairy herds1.1.2. Beef herds1.2. Reproduction management 1.3. Embryonic, fetal losses and abortion1.4. Calving 1.4.1. Eutocia (definition)1.4.2. Dystocia (definitions, incidence, significances, ...)1.5. The offspring (vitality, mortality,...)1.6. The challenges and new insights for the care of the dam and calf Chapter 2 Anatomy of the reproductive systemShort introduction regarding the uterus/ovaries and concept of pelvimetry2.1. Internal genitalia (Uterus, cervix and vagina/vestibular zone, ovaries)2.2. External genitalia (vulva, perineum, defects, ...)2.3. The pelvis Concept of birth canal, applications of pelvimetry 2.3.1. The osseous constituents (sacrum, ischium, ilium, pelvic inlet and outlet...)2.3.2. Soft tissues (ligaments, articulations, blood vessels, nerfs, pelvic diaphragm, ...) 2.3.3. Conformation and inclination 2.4. Pelvic mensuration (techniques and uses)2.5. Genetic and nutritional improvement for an adequate pelvis in heifers.2.6. Most common genetic and congenital defectsLearning objectives/key points and Q&AChapter 3 Reproductive physiology Introduction/puberty/others3.1. Oestrus cycle (characterization; hormones; main reasons for length variation, ...)3.2. Conception (fertilization, embryonic development, maternal recognition, embryo implantation; hormonal changes, placental development, Is the bovine uterus a sterile environment?, ...)3.3 Pregnancy length (related factors; claws, infections and discomfort, myometrium contractility during late pregnancy, ... )3.4. Effect of pregnancy stage on milk composition 3.5. Anoestrus - causes and consequences3.6. Factors affecting reproductive physiology and fertility (virus, genetic, malnutrition).Chapter 4 Non-pregnant and pregnant cow's management4.1. Management of timed fertilization/insemination (Genomic evaluation of age at first calving, determination of optimal time in heifers and in adult cows, ...)4.2. Twins (incidence, implications, potential reduction, ...)4.3. Management of the pregnant cow (diagnosis, rectal palpation and pregnancy loss, nutritional management during lactating period, vaccinations, serum metabolites during pregnancy...) 4.4. Management of the pregnant heifer 4.5. Transition period4.5.1. Implications of dry period length 4.5.2. Changes in the mammary gland4.5.3. Nutritional management (negative energy balance, minerals, BCS, feed intake,...)4.6. Colostrum (characterization, nutritional value, immunoglobulin G1, G2 and M concentrations, preservation...)Learning objectives/key points and Q&AChapter 5 Normal birth (eutocia)5.1. Parturition induction and hormonal changes (physiologic induction, artificial induction)5.2. Fetal static (classification, assessment,...)5.3. Prodromal external signs of parturition5.4 Stages of labor5.4.1. Stage I or dilatation stage (signs, duration, changes...)5.4.2. Stage II or fetal expulsion stage (signs, duration, changes...) 5.4.2.1. Prediction and management (Body/rectal/vaginal/eart temperature; Rumination and feeding behavior; Combined pelvic ligament relaxation and teat filling measurement; Behavioral changes; Steroid assays, use of automated monitoring devices and electronic data loggers to predict the calving)5.4.3. Stage III or placental expulsion (signs, duration, changes...)5.5. Fetal physiology during parturition5.5.1. Respiratory changes5.5.2. Cardiovascular changes Learning objectives/key points and Q&AChapter 6 Abnormal occurrences during calving6.1. Causes of dystocia (Fetal and/or maternal; new tentatives of classification,...)6.2. Fetopelvic disproportion and absolute fetal improved size6.3. Fault dispositions (abnormal fetal static)6.4. Inadequate size of birth canal6.5. Inadequate forces6.6. Fetal congenital defects affecting calving6.6. Signs of fetal stress (how to identify, how to avoid, how to correct)6.7. Human intervention in dystocia (lubrification, epidural, sedation, episiotomy, pulling...)Learning objectives/key points and Q&AChapter 7 Assisted vaginal delivery7.1. Obstetrical examination 7.2. Appropriate time for obstetrical intervention7.3. Scales to measure the need for assistance7.4. Appropriate installations for calving (maternity features...)7.7. Post-calving assistanceLearning objectives/key points and Q&AChapter 8 Obstetric manoeuvres 8.1. Definitions and classification of obstetric manoeuvresAll procedures with scientific illustrationLearning objectives/key points and Q&AChapter 9 Fetotomy9.1 Indications and contraindications9.2 Dam preparation9.3 Material for different types of fetotomy (percutaneous 9.4 Procedures (parcial and total fetotomy)9.5 Post-intervention careLearning objectives/key points and Q&AChapter 10 Caesarean Section10.1. Indications and contraindications (including the surgical approach)10.2. When to go for a C-section10.3. Dam restraint methods10.4. Anesthetic protocols10.5. Different surgical procedures 10.6. Postoperative careLearning objectives/key points and Q&AChapter 11 Obstetric problems before or during calving11.1. Uterine torsion11.1.1. Ethiopathophysiology11.1.2. Diagnosis11.1.3. Treatment11.1.4 Post-intervention care11.2. Vaginal prolapse11.2.1. Ethiopathophysiology11.2.2. Diagnosis11.2.3. Treatment11.2.4 Post-intervention care11.3. Hydrops (Hydrallantois/Hydramnios) 11.3.1. Ethiopathophysiology11.3.2. Diagnosis11.3.3. Treatment11.3.4 Post-intervention care11.4. Lacerations, hemorrhages and organ rupture 11.4.1. Ethiopathophysiology11.4.2. Diagnosis11.4.3. Treatment11.4.4 Post-intervention careLearning objectives/key points and Q&AChapter 12 Post-partum management12.1. Pain management after calving12.2. Uterine involution (including factor which affect cervix closure, ...)12.2. Resumption of estrous cyclicity (Dairy and beef cows,...)12.3. Influence of calving events and post-partum health on fertility.Learning objectives/key points and Q&AChapter 13 Post-partum diseases13.1. Uterine prolapse13.2. Hypocalcaemia (milk fever)13.3. Downer cow13.2. Retained placenta13.3. Puerperal metritis 13.4. Endometritis and pyometra13.5. Other diseases and their relation with calving - ketosis, fatty-liver, mastitisChapter 14 Care and management of the newly born calf14.1. Newborn calf vitality: Risk factors, characteristics and assessment15.1.1. Fetal resuscitation15.1.2. Clinical examination of the newborn (reflexes, pain,)15.1.3. Hypoxia and acidosis15.1.4. Trauma and pain15.1.5. Genetic and congenital defects15.1.6. Euthanasia14.2. Colostrum management 15.2.1. Quality assessment 15.2.2. Time, quantity and ways to provide colostrum 15.2.3. Evaluation of failure of passive transmission14.3. Environmental comfort and hygiene14.4. Neonatal diseases (onfalitis, hernia, diarrhea...)14.5. Calf growth (milk replacers, development of rumen, ...)14.6. WeaningLearning objectives/key points and Q&A