Description
SPRINGER Growth And Defence In Plants: Resource Allocation At Multiple Scales by Hans Pretzsch and Dieter Ernst and Wolfgang Osswald and Hans Schnyder and Rainer Matyssek and Jean Charles Munch
Plants use resources, i.e. carbon, nutrients, water and energy, either for growth or to defend themselves from biotic and abiotic stresses. This volume provides a timely understanding of resource allocation and its regulation in plants, linking the molecular with biochemical and physiological-level processes. Ecological scenarios covered include competitors, pathogens, herbivores, mycorrhizae, soil microorganisms, carbon dioxide/ozone regimes, nitrogen and light availabilities. The validity of the “Growth-Differentiation Balance Hypothesis” is examined and novel theoretical concepts and approaches to modelling plant resource allocation are discussed. The results presented can be applied in plant breeding and engineering, as well as in resource-efficient stand management in agriculture and forestry.
Part I Introduction
1 The Balance Between Resource Sequestration and Retention:A Challenge in Plant Science
Part II Mechanisms of Resource Allocation in Plants and Stands
Introduction
2 Common Links of Molecular Biology with Biochemistry and Physiology in Plants Under Ozone and Pathogen Attack
3 Host–Parasite Interactions and Trade-offs Between Growth- and Defence-Related Metabolism Under Changing Environments
4 Conifer Defense Against Insects and Fungal Pathogens
5 The Rhizosphere: Molecular Interactions Between Microorganisms and Roots
6 Stores as Substrate Sources of Respiration: Effects of Nitrogen Stress and Day Length
7 Tracing Carbon Fluxes: Resolving Complexity Using Isotopes
xxiii
8 Solar Radiation as a Driver for Growth and Competition in Forest Stands
9 Site Conditions and Tree-Internal Nutrient Partitioning in Mature European Beech and Norway Spruce at the Kranzberger Forst
10 Plants and Their Ectomycorrhizosphere: Cost and Benefit of Symbiotic Soil Organisms
11 Case Study “Kranzberger Forst”: Growth and Defence in European Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and Norway Spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.)
12 Growth and Space Use in Competitive Interactions Between Juvenile Trees
13 Allometry of Tree Crown Structure. Relevance for Space Occupation at the Individual Plant Level and for Self-Thinning at the Stand Level
14 Principles of Growth Partitioning Between Trees in Forest Stands Under Stress
Part III Unifying Theory in Resource Allocation?
Introduction
15 Mechanistic Modelling of Soil–Plant–Atmosphere Systems
16 Learning from Various Plants and Scenarios: Statistical Modeling
17 Modelling the Defensive Potential of Plants
18 Effects of Stress and Defence Allocation on Tree Growth: Simulation Results at the Individual and Stand Level
xxiv Contents
19 Predictability of Plant Resource Allocation: New Theory Needed?
Part IV Outlook
20 Conclusions and Perspectives
Index . . . .