Description
Taylor & Francis Ltd Introduction To Instrumentation In Life Sciences 2012 Edition by Prakash Singh Bisen, Anjana Sharma
Instrumentation is central to the study of physiology and genetics in living organisms, especially at the molecular level. Numerous techniques have been developed to address this in various biological disciplines, creating a need to understand the physical principles involved in the operation of research instruments and the parameters required in using them. Introduction to Instrumentation in Life Sciences fills this need by addressing different aspects of tools that hold the keys to cutting-edge research and innovative applications, from basic techniques to advanced instrumentation. The text describes all topics so even beginners can easily understand the theoretical and practical aspects.Comprehensive chapters encompass well-defined methodology that describes the instruments and their corresponding applications in different scientific fields. The book covers optical and electron microscopy; micrometry, especially in microbial taxonomy; pH meters and oxygen electrodes; chromatography for separation and purification of products from complex mixtures; spectroscopic and spectrophotometric techniques to determine structure and function of biomolecules; preparative and analytical centrifugation; electrophoretic techniques; x-ray microanalysis including crystallography; applications of radioactivity, including autoradiography and radioimmunoassays; and fermentation technology and subsequent separation of products of interest.The book is designed to serve a wide range of students and researchers in diversified fields of life sciences: pharmacy, biotechnology, microbiology, biochemistry, and environmental sciences. It introduces different aspects of basic experimental methods and instrumentation. The book is unique in its broad subject coverage, incorporating fundamental techniques as well as applications of modern molecular and proteomic tools that are the basis for state-of-the-art research. The text emphasizes techniques encountered both in practical classes and in high-throughput environments used in modern industry. As a further aid to students, the authors provide well-illustrated diagrams to explain the principles and theories behind the instruments described. MicroscopyIntroductionMagnification, Resolution, and ContrastLight (Bright Field) MicroscopyDark Field MicroscopePhase Contrast MicroscopeInterference MicroscopeUV and Fluorescence MicroscopesElectron MicroscopyTunneling Electron MicroscopyConfocal MicroscopyTechniques in MicroscopyElectron MicroscopySuggested ReadingsImportant LinksMicrometry IntroductionStructure of an Ocular MicrometerConjugate Image-Forming Focal PlanesEyepiece DesignsStage MicrometerFilar Eyepiece MicrometerPrinciple of Filar Eyepiece MicrometerWorkingSuggested ReadingImportant LinksElectrochemical TechniquesIntroductionStructure of a pH MeterPrinciplesFactors Limiting the Accuracy of pH MeasurementsMeasurement of pHWorkingProcedure for Measuring pH Using a pH MeterCleaning and Troubleshooting of Glass ProbesApplication of pH MeasurementsOxygen ElectrodeSuggested ReadingsImportant LinksChromatographyIntroductionGeneral PrinciplesColumn ChromatographyPaper Chromatography and Thin-Layer ChromatographySample Collection, Preservation, and PreparationAdsorption ChromatographyPartition ChromatographyHigh-Performance Liquid ChromatographyFast Protein Liquid ChromatographyGas-Liquid ChromatographyIon-Exchange ChromatographyExclusion ChromatographyAffinity ChromatographySuggested ReadingsImportant LinksSpectroscopyIntroductionUV-Visible SpectroscopyIR (Vibrational) SpectroscopyFlame/Atomic Absorption SpectroscopyFluorescence SpectroscopyESR SpectroscopyNMR SpectroscopyMALDI-TOF Mass SpectrometryCircular Dichroism (CD) SpectroscopySuggested ReadingsImportant LinksCentrifugationIntroductionPrinciple of CentrifugationTypes of CentrifugesTypes of Centrifugal SeparationsRotor CategoriesSelection of Centrifuge TubesCommon Centrifugation Vocabulary and FormulasAnalytical UltracentrifugeSuggested ReadingImportant LinksElectrophoresisIntroductionPrinciples of GEWorking with the Electrophoresis ApparatusDenaturing Gradient GETemperature Gradient GEPulsed-Field GECapillary ElectrophoresisSuggested ReadingsImportant LinksX-Ray MicroanalysisIntroductionPrinciplesInstrumentationApplications of X-Ray MicroanalysisTechniques for the Analysis of Secondary, Tertiary, and Quaternary Proteins by X-Ray CrystallographySuggested ReadingsImportant LinkTechniques with RadioisotopesIntroductionIsotopes and RadioactivityIonization EffectsMeasurement UnitsMeasurement TechniquesAutoradiographyCounting StatisticsBiological Uses of RadioisotopesTracer Dilution TechniqueRadioimmunoassayMiscellaneous Uses of RadioisotopesRadioisotope ProductionMost Widely Used RadioisotopesSuggested ReadingImportant LinksFermentationIntroductionHistoryPrinciples of FermentationIntroduction to MicroorganismsTypes of Fermentation MetabolismFermentation ProcessTypes of FermentationTypes of FermentorsSterilization in FermentationProduct RecoverySuggested ReadingsImportant LinksConductivity MeterIntroductionPrinciplesCommon DefinitionsConductivity MeterConductivity CellsFactors Influencing the MeasurementMeasuring TechniquesReliable MeasurementsMaintenance and StorageApplicationsSuggested ReadingsImportant LinksGlossaryIndex