Description
Springer Mechanisms in Fibre Carcinogenesis 1st Editon 2012 Softbound by Robert C. Brown, John A. Hoskins, Neil F. Johnson
The Editors are sorry that the production of this volume was delayed by the ill health of one of them and we hope that this does not detract from the value of the con tents. For once this delay is not the fault of any of the authors only the editors are to blame. Many of the workers in the field of fibre toxicology became convinced by the middle 1980's that the worst of the furore over asbestos was over although we were left with an intriguing problem - how does asbestos cause disease? It was expected that the future impact of fibres on human health would be very small since asbestos exposure would be controlled and there was little chance that man-made fibres would prove haz ardous. These man-made fibres are much thicker than asbestos and, in most cases, they are less durable in the body. Both of these properties are believed to make them much less likely to cause disease. However many of us had fallen into the habit of calling these materials 'asbestos substitutes' and thus they have acquired a little of the notoriety at tached to the natural fibrous minerals. Very few of these man-made fibres are actually used as replacements for asbestos. Asbestos was not suitable for the uses to which the insulation wools are usually put and the ceramic fibres are replacements for fire brick not asbestos which is destroyed at the temperatures at which these materials are used. The Carcinogenicity of Mineral Fibres.- 1. Human Studies.- Gaps in Knowledge of Fibre Carcinogenesis: an Epidemiologist’s View.- Health Effects of Insulation Wools (Rock/Slag Wool and Glass Wool) and Future Research Needs.- Non-Asbestos Fibre Burden in Individuals Exposed to Asbestos.- Influence of Long-Lasting Asbestos Exposure on Immunological Status of Asbestos Exposed Shipyard Workers.- 2. Animal Studies.- Mesotheliomas in Man and Experimental Animals.- Experimental Studies on Mineral Fibre Carcinogenesis: an Overview.- The Relevance of Animal Bioassays to Assess Human Health Hazards to Inorganic Fibrous Materials.- Relative Intrinsic Potency of Asbestos and Erionite Fibers: Proposed Mechanism of Action.- Histopathological Analysis of Tumour Types after Intraperitoneal Injection of Mineral Fibres in Rats.- Radiation-Induced Mesotheliomas in Rats.- Physical and Chemical Properties.- 1. Fibre Size and Chemistry.- Carcinogenic Effect Related to the Fiber Physics and Chemistry.- Fibre Size and Chemistry Effects In Vitro and In Vivo Compared.- Inflammation and Immunomodulation Caused by Short and Long Amosite Asbestos Samples.- Fiber Dimensions and Mesothelioma: a Reappraisal of the Stanton Hypothesis.- Acute Pulmonary Effects of Inhaled Wollastonite Fibers are Dependent on Fiber Dimensions and Aerosol Concentrations.- Toxicological Aspects of the Pathogenesis of Fiber-Induced Pulmonary Effects.- Durability of Various Mineral Fibres in Rat Lungs.- Health-Related Aspects of the Heating of Refractory Ceramic Fibre.- Analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons on Vapor-Grown Carbon Fibers.- Induction of Inflammation and Fibrosis after Exposure to Insoluble and Isometric Particles.- 2. Minerology.- Association of Tremolite Habit with Biological Potential: Preliminary Report.- Distinguishing between Amphibole Asbestos Fibers and Elongate Cleavage Fragments of their Non-Asbestos Analogues.- Asbestiform Minerals Associated with Chrysotile from the Western Alps (Piedmont — Italy): Chemical Characteristics and Possible Related Toxicity.- Mechanisms of Pathogenesis.- 1. Genotoxic Effects.- Mechanisms of Fibre Genotoxicity.- Asbestos Carcinogenicity: a Mutational Hypothesis.- The Mutagenicity of Mineral Fibers.- Chromosomal Damage and Gap Junctional Intercellular Communication in Mesothelioma Cell Lines and Cultured Human Primary Mesothelial Cells Treated with MMMF, Asbestos and Erionite.- Chrysotile, Crocidolite, and Anthophyllite Facilitation of Transfection of Cultured Mouse Cells by Polyomavirus DNA.- 2. Effects on Gene Expression.- Asbestos Mediated Gene Expression in Rat Lung.- Rat Pleural Cell Populations: Effects of MMMF Inhalation on Cytokine mRNA Expression and Population Characteristics.- Growth Factor and Growth Factor Receptor Expression in Transformed Rat Mesothelial Cells.- 3. Fibres and Free Radicals.- The Surface Activity of Mineral Dusts and the Process of Oxidative Stress.- Iron Mobilization from Crocidolite Results in Enhanced Iron-Catalyzed Oxygen Consumption and Hydroxyl Radical Generation in the Presence of Cysteine.- The Role of Iron in the Redox Surface Activity of Fibers. Relation to Carcinogenicity.- Chemical Functionalities at the Broken Fibre Surface Relatable to Free Radicals Production.- Reactive Oxygen Metabolite Production Induced by Mineral Fibres.- Oxygen Consumption, Lipid Peroxidation and Mineral Fibres.- Effects of Cigarette Smoke on Uptake of Asbestos Fibres by Tracheal Organ Cultures: the Role of Active Oxygen Species.- 4. Other Effects and Promotion.- Promoting Effects of Fibres. Fibres and the Second Messenger Pathways.- Apparent Promotion by Chrysotile Asbestos of NHMI-Initiated Lung Tumours in the Rat.- Effects of Amosite Asbestos Fibers on the Filaments Present in the Cytoskeleton of Primary Human Mesothelial Cells.- A Comparison of the Occurrence and Distribution of Iron Deposits Caused by the