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Springer Methods Of Cancer Diagnosis Therapy And Prognosis Gastrointestinal Cancer 2009 Edition by M. A. Hayat
Each year tens of millions of people are respectively. The following data indicate diagnosed worldwide with cancer and the burden (seriousness) of gastrointestinal more than half of these patients eventu- cancer liver cancer and colorectal cancers ally die from this disease. The severity of globally and in the United States. (Table 1) the burden of cancer becomes really clear Surgical and molecular therapies and pr- by knowing that there were ? 10 862 496 nostic markers for gastrointestinal stromal new cancer cases (excluding skin cancer) tumors are discussed in this volume. Role in the world in 2002 and the number of of anticancer drugs and monoclonal an- deaths caused by this disease in the same bodies specific for these tumors are also year was ? 6723887 (GLOBOCAN). discussed. Imaging modality assessing the The number of deaths due to cancer in the effect of anticancer imatinib on these tumors United States was estimated to be 559 650 is included. Diagnostic and prognostic (Am. Cancer Soc. ). Cancer is caused by markers of clinical outcomes using che- both external factors (tobacco chemicals therapy and hormone replacement therapy radiation and infectious organisms) and for gastric adenocarcinoma are detailed. internal factors (inherited mutations hor- Also are discussed immunohistochem- mones immune conditions and mutations try of esophageal cancer progression and that occur from metabolism). diagnostic and therapeutic methodologies All cancer types caused by cigarette for biliary tumors. Table of contents : PART I: GASTROINTESTINAL CANCERS 1. INTRODUCTION : GASTROINTESTINAL CANCERS M.A. Hayat GASTROINTESTINAL STROMAL TUMORS (GISTs) GASTRIC CANCERESOPHAGEAL CANCER TREATMENTSREFERENCES 2. METASTATIC GASTROINTESTINAL CANCER: SAFETY OF CISPLATIN COMBINED WITH CONTINUOUS 5- FLUOROURACIL VERSUS BOLUS 5- FLUOROURACIL AND LEUCOVORIN (METHODOLOGY) Jacqueline Duffour Oliver Bouche Philippe Rougier Chantal Milan Laurent Bedenne Jean-Francois Seitz Bruno Buecher Jean-Lois Legoux Michel Ducreux Denis Vetter Jean-Luc Raoul Eric Francois and Marc Ychou INTRODUCTIONPATIENTS AND METHODSRESULTSDISCUSSIONREFERENCES 3. GASTROINTESTINAL CANCER: ENDOSCOPIC SUBMUCOSAL DISSECTION (METHODOLOGY) Atsushi Imagawa INTRODUCTIONINDICATIONSMETHOD AND DISCUSSIONSetting of a High-Frequency GeneratorComplicationsEsophageal and Colorectal LesionsREFERENCES 4. GASTROINTESTINAL EPITHELIAL NEOPLASMS: ENDOSCOPIC SUBMUCOSAL DISSECTION (METHODOLOGY) Mitsuhiro Fujishiro INTRODUCTIONAPPLICATIONENDOSCOPIC SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENTPROCEDUREMarking Around the LesionSubmucosal InjectionBleedingPerforationManagement After Endoscopic Submucosal DissectionFURTHER CONSIDERATIONSREFERENCES 5. INOPERABLE ABDOMINO-PELVIC TUMORS: TREATMENT WITH RADIOFREQUENCY ABLATION AND SURGICAL DEBULKING Nathan W. Pearlman INTRODUCTIONTECHNIQUEPATIENT POPULATION AND RESULTSREFERENCES 6. GASTROINTESTINAL NEUROENDOCRINE TUMORS: DIAGNOSIS USING GASTRIN RECEPTOR SCINTIGRAPHY Martin Gotthardt Thomas M. Behr and Martin Behe NEUROENDOCRINE TUMORSSymptoms Clinical Appearance Therapy and PrognosisDiagnostic Imaging ProceduresPotential Improvement of Scintigraphic Imaging of NET by Using Alternative RadiopeptidesRADIOPEPTIDE SCANNING VERSUS ANATOMICAL IMAGINGMODALITIESRADIOLABELED PEPTIDES: DEVELOPMENT ADVANTAGES AND SHORTCOMINGSMINIGASTRIN FOR DETECTING METASTASIZED NEUROENDOCRINE TUMORSCholecystokinine 2 (CCK2) Receptor ExpressionLabelingScanning ProtocolBiodistribution of MGClinical Imaging in Neuroendocrine TumorsFUTURE PERSPECTIVES OF DGlu1-MINIGASTRINREFERENCES PART II: ESOPHAGEAL CANCER 7. DISTAL ESOPHAGUS: EVALUATION OF 18F-FLUORODEOXYGLUCOSE POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY/ COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY FUSION IMAGING Domenico Rubello and Cristina Nanni INTRODUCTION18F-FDG-PET AND PET/CT IN ESOPHAGEAL CANCERPositivity CriteriaStaging Disease RelapseNEOADJUVANT THERAPY RESPONSE18F-FDG-PET/CT VERSUS OTHER TECHNIQUESPET/CT AND OTHER RADIOTRACERSREFERENCES 8. ENDOSCOPIC ULTRASOUND AND STAGING OF ESOPHAGEAL CANCER Kanwar R.S. Gill and Timothy Woodward OBJECTIVESBASIC PRINCIPLESEQUIPMENTPROCEDURE AND TNM CLASSIFICATIONROLE OF ENDOSCOPIC ULTRASOUND-FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION IN ESOPHAGEAL CANCERENDOSCOPIC ULTRASOUND IN ASSESSING PRIMARY TUMOR (T STAGING)ENDOSCOPIC ULTRASOUND IN ASSESSING NODAL METASTASISENDOSCOPIC ULTRASOUND IN ASSESSING DISTANCE METASTASISRESTAGING OF ESOPHAGEAL CANCER AFTER CHEMORADIATIONENDOSCOPIC ULTRASOUND-FINE-NEEDLE ASPIRATION MOLECULAR DIAGNOSIS OF ESOPHAGEAL CANCERCOMPLICATIONS AND SAFETYREFERENCES 9. ESOPHAGEAL CANCER: ROLE OF RNASEN PROTEIN AND MICRO-RNA IN PROGNOSIS Hideyuki Ishiguro Yoshiyuki Kuwabara Nobuyoshi Sugito and Yoshitaka Fujii INTRODUCTIONREAL-TIME REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION ANALYSIS USING TaqMan PROBESIsolation of RNA from Tumor Samples and Reverse Transcription ReactionReal-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Using TaqMan ProbesIMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY OF RNASENREFERENCES 10. ESOPHAGEAL CANCER: INITIAL STAGING Lana Y. Schumacher Nicole B. Baril and Sherry M. Wren