Description
Springer Surface Mining Technology (HB) by Elbeblawi M.M.A.
This book gives a brief history and a general overview of the state of surface mining technology with topics ranging from the principles to surface mining methods, systems, and pit planning design. It starts with the definition of surface mine and ends with land reclamation and mine closure. The following chapters address the basics of mineral economics, calculation of stripping ratio; exploitation of difficult parts of ore deposits, slope stability, controlling falls and slides in the surface mines, sorts of freight traffic, scrapers, bulldozers, and loaders. The book serves as a reference text for mining students, engineers, and geologists. Table of Contents:- Chapter 11. Introduction to Mining1.1. Advancements in Mining Technology1.2. Introductory to Mining1.2.1 Mineral 1.2.2 Rock1.2.3 Metallic ores1.2.4 Nonmetallic minerals (also known as industrial minerals)1.3. Surface Mine Terminology1.4. The Choice between Surface and Underground Mining1.5. Surface Mining1.5.1. Open Pit Mining1.5.2. Open cast mining1.5.3. Glory Holing1.5.4. Quarrying or Quarry Mining1.5.5. Strip Mining1.5.6. Auger Mining1.5.7. Placer Mining or Alluvial Mining1.5.7.1. Panning and Sluicing1.5.7.2. Hydraulic Mining1.5.7.3. Dredging1.5.7.4. In Situ Leaching1.6. Underground mining1.7. Preparation of Open pit Field for Mining 1.8. Stages in the Life of a Mine1.8.1. Prospecting1.8.2. Exploration1.8.3. Development1.8.4. Exploitation1.8.5. Reclamation1.9 Unit Operations of MiningChapter 22 Principles of Surface Mining of Mineral Deposits 2.1. Mine Layout2.1.1. The shape and depth of the deposit2.1.2. The properties of the ore and overburden2.1.3. The geometry of the excavating equipment (digging height, dumping height and reach).2.2. Types of Surface Mining Deposits2.2.1. As regards their shape2.2.2. The surface relief2.2.3. Depending on their position2.2.4. By the angle of inclination (dip)2.2.5. The Capacity or depth of deposits2.2.6. The quality of a mineral2.2.7. By the prevailing type of rock2.3. Kinds of Surface Mining2.4. Kinds and Sizes of Open-pit Fields2.5. Variations of Open Pit Mining2.6. Surface Mining Economics2.6.1. The Concept of "Cut-off"2.6.2. Profit Margin2.7. Maximum vs. Overall Stripping Ratio2.8. Different stripping ratios2.8.1. Industrial excavation ratio2.8.2. Exploitation excavation ratio2.8.3. Current excavation ratio2.8.4. Expansion excavation ratio2.8.5. Layer ratio2.8.6. Border excavation ratio (Critical ratio)2.9. Difficult parts2.9.1. Case 1.a: Difficult part near to one of the borders2.9.2. Case 1. b: Difficult part near to two borders:2.9.3. Case 2- Turning Point:2.9.4. Case 3-Intersection:2.10. The important coefficients in surface miningChapter 33. Slope Stability3.1. Introduction3.2. Physical properties of the Soil slope material3.2.1. Formation of Soil3.2.2. Soil Types3.3. Some Physical Properties of Soil 3.3.1. Soil Moisture Content3.3.2. Permeability3.3.3. Capillarity3.3.4. Shear strength of the soil slope material 3.4. Stability Analysis of Slopes3.4.1. Factors Contributing to Slope Failures3.4.2. Classification of slides3.4.3. Mode of Rupture3.4.4. Plane Rupture Surfaces3.4.5. Circular Sliding Surface3.4.6. Seepage Force3.4.7. Seismic Forces3.4.8. Friction-Circle Method3.4.9. Remedial Work against Failures of SlopesChapter 44. Prevention of slides and falls in surface mines4.1. General Characteristics of Slides and falls in Opencast Mines4.2. Stability of Pit Benches and Faces4.3. Stability of Pit Wall4.4. Stability of Waste Banks Chapter 55. Surface Mine Development5.1 Order of Development of Opencast Mining Work5.2 The Concepts of Regimes and Stages of Mining Work5.3 The Theory of Stripping of Mining Levels 5.3.1 The Order of Formation of Freight Traffic5.3.2 Kinds of Freight Traffic5.3.3 Prerequisites for the Formation of Freight Traffic5.3.4 Initial Stages of Mining Work Development5.3.5 Stripping Workings.5.3.6 Methods of Stripping of Working Levels in a Quarry5.3.7 Routes of Stripping Workings5.3.8 Route Forms of Permanent Workings5.3.9 Volumes of Main Trenches and Half-trenches*5.3.10 Working Trenches and Pits5.4 The Nature of Surface Mining5.4.1 Land Reclamation5.4.2 Topsoil Stockpiles and Waste Disposal5.4.3 Advanced Stripping5.4.4 Plant Layout5.5 Pit Planning and Design5.5.1 Introduction5.5.2 Long-Term Mine Planning5.5.3 Short-Term Mining Planning5.5.4 Stripping ratio and pit limit5.6 Special topics5.6.1 Calculation of stripping ratios and pit limits6. Surface Mining Equipments6.1 Introduction6.2 Types of draglines6.2.1 Size of dragline (range and capacity):6.2.2 The output of draglines6.2.3 Mining Method6.2.4 Average mining load per cycle6.2.5 Fillability:6.2.6 Cycle times6.2.7 Theoretical Swing Time6.2.8 Mining Cycle Time6.2.9 Percent Operating Time 6.2.10 Costs6.2.11 Outputs of clamshells6.2.12 Working ranges of clamshells6.2.13 Production Rate6.3 Continuous Excavators (Bucket Wheel and Chain Diggers)6.3.1 Introduction6.3.2 Material Transport6.3.3 Sizing and Operating a BWE6.3.4 Example of BWE Selection6.3.5 Estimating BWE costs6.3.6 Selection of Type of Hauling Equipment6.3.7 Definition of Payloads6.3.8 Cost Estimating6.3.9 Ownership cost items6.3.10 Operating cost items6.3.11 Development data for above6.4 Loading and excavation6.4.1 Materials Handling6.4.2 Principles of Loading6.4.3 Selection of Equipment6.5 Haulage and hoisting6.5.1 Principles of Haulage and HoistingChapter 77. Rock Extraction with Scrapers, Bulldozers and Loaders7.1 Technological Parameters of Wheeled Scrapers7.2 Mining Rock with Scrapers7.2.1 Scraper Capacity7.3 Rock Extraction with Bulldozers7.3.1 Bulldozer Capacity7.4 Technological Fundamentals of Mining Automation7.5 Technological Characteristics of Loaders 7.5.1 Rock Extraction with Loaders7.5.2 Loader Capacity 7.6 Rock Extraction with Single-Bucket Excavators7.6.1 Technological Parameters of Power Shovels7.7 Working Parameters of Draglines7.7.1 Dragline Faces7.7.2 Road width7.7.3 Services7.7.4 Stockpiles7.7.5 Mine layout8. Surface Mining Methods and Systems8.1 Surface mining methods8.1.1 Strip Mining8.2 Introduction8.3 Opening up the Deposit8.4 Advance benching (or side benching or chop -down)8.5 Dragline bucket size8.5.1 Dragline selection8.5.2 Dragline geometry8.6 Introduction to strip mine design8.6.1 Major Factors8.6.2 Stripping Ratio8.7 Terrace Mining (multi-bench, lateral advance)8.7.1 Terrace mining8.8 Reclamation8.9 Conveyor advancement8.9.1 Bench Conveyors8.9.2 Bench Lift Conveyors8.9.3 Shuttle Conveyors8.10 The Conical Pit Mining8.10.1 Introduction8.10.2 Design considerations8.11 Classification of Opencast Mining Systems8.12 Classification of Mining Systems8.12.1 Based on the direction of transfer of overburden and the method of stripping work8.12.2 Development Schemes9. Glossary of Surface Mining TermsReferencesshow more