Description
Wley Wiley'S Fundamentals Of Biology, Textbook And Practice Book, Class 12, Set Of 2 Books: For Cbse, Neet And Other Medical Entrance Examinations by Wiley Editorial
Fundamentals of Biology for CBSE, NEET and other Medical Entrance Examinations for class 12 comes as a set of Textbook and Practice Book. A holistic approach has been adopted in designing effective pedagogy of the chapters keeping in mind the essential features that will enable understanding of the topic. Further, it interlinks the topics with other facets of science, without deviating much from the prescribed syllabus. The content has been organized in a manner to provide a structured approach to the students as per the requirement of both CBSE and NEET syllabus. The Textbook expresses a multidimensional approach of biology. It provides a rigorous scientific discipline along with explanatory models, and introduces additional insight to the ever-changing domain of the subject.
Table of Contents
1. Reproduction in Organisms
1.1 Life Spans
1.2 Reproduction
1.3 Asexual Reproduction
1.4 Sexual Reproduction
1.5 Events in Sexual Reproduction
2. Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
2.1 Flower—an Organ of Angiosperms
2.2 Pre-Fertilization: Structures and Events
2.3 Pollination
2.4 Double Fertilization
2.5 Post-Fertilization: Structures and Events
2.6 Apomixis and Polyembryony
3. Human Reproduction
3.1 The Male Reproductive System
3.2 The Female Reproductive System
3.3 Gametogenesis
3.4 Menstrual Cycle
3.5 Fertilization and Implantation
3.6 Pregnancy and Embryonic Development
3.7 Parturition and Lactation
3.8 Some Disorders of the Reproductive System
4. Reproductive Health
4.1 Reproductive Health – Problems and Strategies
4.2 Population Explosion and Birth Control
4.3 Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP)
4.4 Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs)
4.5 Infertility
5. Principles of Inheritance and Variation
5.1 Heredity and Variation
5.2 Premendelian Theories
5.3 Mendel’s Experiments
5.4 Mendel’s Laws of Inheritance
5.5 Inheritance of One Gene
5.6 Inheritance of Two Genes
5.7 Exceptions to Law of Dominance
5.8 Multiple Alleles and Blood Group
5.9 Gene Interaction—Complementary and Supplementary Genes
5.10 Epistasis—Non-allelic Interactions
5.11 Polygenic Traits (Quantitative Inheritance)
5.12 Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance
5.13 Linkage and Crossing Over
5.14 Recombination (Crossing Over)
5.15 Chromosome Mapping
5.16 Sex-linked Inheritance
5.17 Lethal Gene Interaction
5.18 Sex Determination
5.19 Variations
5.20 Population Genetics
5.21 Mutations
5.22 Pedigree Analysis
5.23 Genetic Disorders—Mendelian Disorders and Chromosomal Disorders
6. Molecular Basis of Inheritance
6.1 The DNA
6.2 The Search for Genetic Material
6.3 RNA World
6.4 Replication
6.5 Transcription
6.6 Genetic Code
6.7 Translation
6.8 Regulation of Gene Expression
6.9 Human Genome Project
6.10 DNA Fingerprinting
7. Evolution
7.1 Origin of Universe
7.2 Origin of Life
7.3 Evolution of Life Forms
7.4 Evidences of Evolution
7.5 Adaptive Radiation
7.6 Theories of Evolution
7.7 Biological Evolution
7.8 Hardy-Weinberg Principle
7.9 A Brief Account of Evolution
7.10 Origin and Evolution of Man
8. Human Health and Disease
8.1 Common Diseases in Humans
8.2 Infectious Diseases
8.3 Bacterial Diseases
8.4 Viral Diseases
8.5 Fungal Diseases
8.6 Protozoan Diseases
8.7 Diseases Caused by Helminths
8.8 Rickettsial Diseases
8.9 Spirochaetal Diseases
8.10 Non-Infectious Diseases
8.11 Health and Hygiene
8.12 Immunity and Its Types
8.13 Cells of the Immune System
8.14 Innate Immunity
8.15 Acquired Immunity
8.16 Active and Passive Immunity
8.17 Vaccination and Immunization
8.18 Allergies
8.19 Autoimmunity
8.20 Immune System in the Body
8.21 Acquired Immuno deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
8.22 Cancer
8.23 Drugs and Alcohol Abuse
9. Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production
9.1 Animal Husbandry
9.2 Plant Breeding
9.3 Single Cell Protein (SCP)
9.4 Tissue Culture
10. Microbes in Human Welfare
10.1 Microbes in Household Products
10.2 Microbes in Industrial Products
10.3 Fermented Beverages
10.4 Antibiotics
10.5 Chemicals, Enzymes and Other Bioactive Molecules
10.6 Microbes in Sewage Treatment
10.7 Microbes in Production of Biogas
10.8 Microbes in Mining
10.9 Microbes as Biocontrol Agents
10.10 Microbes as Biofertilizers
11. Biotechnology: Principles and Processes
11.1 Principles of Biotechnology
11.2 Tools of Recombinant DNA Technology
11.3 Processes of Recombinant DNA Technology
12. Biotechnology and Its Applications
12.1 Biotechnological Applications in Agriculture
12.2 Transgenic Plants
12.3 Genetically Modified (GM) Food Crops
12.4 Biotechnological Applications in Medicine
12.5 Gene Therapy
12.6 Stem Cell Therapy
12.7 Molecular Diagnosis
12.8 Transgenic Animals
12.9 Ethical Issues
13. Organisms and Populations
13.1 Organism and Its Environment
13.2 Major Abiotic Factors
13.3 Responses to Abiotic Factors
13.4 Adaptations
13.5 Populations
13.6 Population Interactions
14. Ecosystem
14.1 Ecosystem and Its Classification
14.2 Ecosystem – Structure and Functions
14.3 Productivity
14.4 Decomposition
14.5 Trophic Levels
14.6 Food Chains
14.7 Food Web
14.8 Energy Flow
14.9 Ecological Pyramids
14.10 Ecological Succession/Biotic Succession
14.11 Nutrient Cycling
14.12 Characteristic Features of Various Ecosystems
14.13 Ecosystem Services
15. Biodiversity and Conservation
15.1 Biodiversity
15.2 Biodiversity on the Earth and in India
15.3 Patterns of Biodiversity
15.4 The Importance of Species Biodiversity to the Ecosystem
15.5 Loss of Biodiversity
15.6 Biodiversity Conservation
15.7 Methods to Conserve Biodiversity
15.8 Red Data Book
16. Environmental Issues
16.1 Pollution and Pollutants
16.2 Air Pollution and Its Control
16.3 Noise Pollution and Its Control
16.4 Water Pollution and Its Control
16.5 Thermal Pollution
16.6 Solid Wastes
16.7 Soil Pollution
16.8 Radioactive Wastes
16.9 Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming
16.10 Ozone Depletion in the Stratosphere
16.11 Degradation by Improper Resource Utilization and Maintenance
16.12 Deforestation
Practice Book
1. Reproduction in Organisms
Summary
Target CBSE
Worked Problems
Textbook Exercises
Additional Questions
Practice Problems
Very Short Answer Questions
Short Answer Questions (Type I)
Short answer Questions (Type II)
Long Answer Questions
Diagram Based Questions
Answer Key
Target COMPETITION
Worked Problems
Practice Problems
Single Correct Choice Type
Matrix–Match Type
Assertion–Reasoning Type
Answer Key
2. Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
Summary
Target CBSE
Worked Problems
Textbook Exercises
Additional Questions
Practice Problems
Very Short Answer Questions
Short Answer Questions (Type I)
Short answer Questions (Type II)
Long Answer Questions
Diagram Based Questions
Answer Key
Target COMPETITION
Worked Problems
Practice Problems
Single Correct Choice Type
Matrix–Match Type
Assertion–Reasoning Type
Answer Key
3. Human Reproduction
Summary
Target CBSE
Worked Problems
Textbook Exercises
Additional Questions
Practice Problems
Very Short Answer Questions
Short Answer Questions (Type I)
Short answer Questions (Type II)
Long Answer Questions
Diagram Based Questions
Answer Key
Target COMPETITION
Worked Problems
Practice Problems
Single Correct Choice Type
Matrix–Match Type
Assertion–Reasoning Type
Answer Key
4. Reproductive Health
Summary
Target CBSE
Worked Problems
Textbook Exercises
Additional Questions
Practice Problems
Very Short Answer Questions
Short Answer Questions (Type I)
Short answer Questions (Type II)
Long Answer Questions
Diagram Based Questions
Answer Key
Target COMPETITION
Worked Problems
Practice Problems
Single Correct Choice Type
Matrix–Match Type
Assertion–Reasoning Type
Answer Key
5. Principles of Inheritance and Variation
Summary
Target CBSE
Worked Problems
Textbook Exercises
Additional Questions
Practice Problems
Very Short Answer Questions
Short Answer Questions (Type I)
Short answer Questions (Type II)
Long Answer Questions
Diagram Based Questions
Answer Key
Target COMPETITION
Worked Problems
Practice Problems
Single Correct Choice Type
Matrix–Match Type
Assertion–Reasoning Type
Answer Key
6. Molecular Basis of Inheritance
Summary
Target CBSE
Worked Problems
Textbook Exercises
Additional Questions
Practice Problems
Very Short Answer Questions
Short Answer Questions (Type I)
Short answer Questions (Type II)
Long Answer Questions
Diagram Based Questions
Answer Key
Target COMPETITION
Worked Problems
Practice Problems
Single Correct Choice Type
Matrix–Match Type
Assertion–Reasoning Type
Answer Key
7. Evolution
Summary
Target CBSE
Worked Problems
Textbook Exercises
Additional Questions
Practice Problems
Very Short Answer Questions
Short Answer Questions (Type I)
Short answer Questions (Type II)
Long Answer Questions
Diagram Based Questions
Answer Key
Target COMPETITION
Worked Problems
Practice Problems
Single Correct Choice Type
Matrix–Match Type
Assertion–Reasoning Type
Answer Key
8. Human Health and Disease
Summary
Target CBSE
Worked Problems
Textbook Exercises
Additional Questions
Practice Problems
Very Short Answer Questions
Short Answer Questions (Type I)
Short answer Questions (Type II)
Long Answer Questions
Diagram Based Questions
Answer Key
Target COMPETITION
Worked Problems
Practice Problems
Single Correct Choice Type
Matrix–Match Type
Assertion–Reasoning Type
Answer Key
9. Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production
Summary
Target CBSE
Worked Problems
Textbook Exercises
Additional Questions
Practice Problems
Very Short Answer Questions
Short Answer Questions (Type I)
Short answer Questions (Type II)
Long Answer Questions
Diagram Based Questions
Answer Key
Target COMPETITION
Worked Problems
Practice Problems
Single Correct Choice Type
Matrix–Match Type
Assertion–Reasoning Type
Answer Key
10. Microbes in Human Welfare
Summary
Target CBSE
Worked Problems
Textbook Exercises
Additional Questions
Practice Problems
Very Short Answer Questions
Short Answer Questions (Type I)
Short answer Questions (Type II)
Long Answer Questions
Diagram Based Questions
Answer Key
Target COMPETITION
Worked Problems
Practice Problems
Single Correct Choice Type
Matrix–Match Type
Assertion–Reasoning Type
Answer Key
11. Biotechnology: Principles and Processes
Summary
Target CBSE
Worked Problems
Textbook Exercises
Additional Questions
Practice Problems
Very Short Answer Questions
Short Answer Questions (Type I)
Short answer Questions (Type II)
Long Answer Questions
Diagram Based Questions
Answer Key
Target COMPETITION
Worked Problems
Practice Problems
Single Correct Choice Type
Matrix–Match Type
Assertion–Reasoning Type
Answer Key
12. Biotechnology and its Applications
Summary
Target CBSE
Worked Problems
Textbook Exercises
Additional Questions
Practice Problems
Very Short Answer Questions
Short Answer Questions (Type I)
Short answer Questions (Type II)
Long Answer Questions
Diagram Based Questions
Answer Key
Target COMPETITION
Worked Problems
Practice Problems
Single Correct Choice Type
Matrix–Match Type
Assertion–Reasoning Type
Answer Key
13. Organisms and Population
Summary
Target CBSE
Worked Problems
Textbook Exercises
Additional Questions
Practice Problems
Very Short Answer Questions
Short Answer Questions (Type I)
Short answer Questions (Type II)
Long Answer Questions
Diagram Based Questions
Answer Key
Target COMPETITION
Worked Problems
Practice Problems
Single Correct Choice Type
Matrix–Match Type
Assertion–Reasoning Type
Answer Key
14. Ecosystem
Summary
Target CBSE
Worked Problems
Textbook Exercises
Additional Questions
Practice Problems
Very Short Answer Questions
Short Answer Questions (Type I)
Short answer Questions (Type II)
Long Answer Questions
Diagram Based Questions
Answer Key
Target COMPETITION
Worked Problems
Practice Problems
Single Correct Choice Type
Matrix–Match Type
Assertion–Reasoning Type
Answer Key
15. Biodiversity and Conservation
Summary
Target CBSE
Worked Problems
Textbook Exercises
Additional Questions
Practice Problems
Very Short Answer Questions
Short Answer Questions (Type I)
Short answer Questions (Type II)
Long Answer Questions
Diagram Based Questions
Answer Key
Target COMPETITION
Worked Problems
Practice Problems
Single Correct Choice Type
Matrix–Match Type
Assertion–Reasoning Type
Answer Key
16. Environmental Issues
Summary
Target CBSE
Worked Problems
Textbook Exercises
Additional Questions
Practice Problems
Very Short Answer Questions
Short Answer Questions (Type I)
Short answer Questions (Type II)
Long Answer Questions
Diagram Based Questions
Answer Key
Target COMPETITION
Worked Problems
Practice Problems
Single Correct Choice Type
Matrix–Match Type
Assertion–Reasoning Type
Answer Key
Appendix A (Solved NEET Biology Questions Chapter-wise 2016–2017)
Appendix B (Solved CBSE Biology Questions 2016–2018)