Description
Springer CT and MRI in Oncology 1st Editon 2012 Softbound by Didier Buthiau, David Khayat
Imaging techniques are often called upon in oncology in virtue of their essential role in tumor diagnosis, extension work up to various organs and detection of relapse. They are also indispensable in research and in clinical practice, allowing an objective assessment of tumoral regression in patients undergoing treatment. It is currently impossible to establish the management plan of a cancer patient or to obtain follow-up of such a patient under treatment without clinical and imaging confrontation. Introduction: Cancer, internal medicine and new imaging.- 1 Principles and performance of CT and MRI.- CT: performance and techniques.- Performance of a CT examination.- Patient explanation and details.- Contraindications.- Patient preparation.- Performance of the examination.- Viewing of the images.- Acquisition techniques and parameters.- Scanogram or scout view.- Thickness and spacing of the slices.- Interstice delays.- Field of view.- Matrix.- Filters.- Continuous rotation and helical mode.- Image reconstructions.- MRI: performance and techniques.- Performance of MRI.- Types of magnet.- Resistive.- Superconducting.- Permanent.- Field strength.- Coils.- Types of sequence.- Spin echo.- Inversion recovery.- Gradient echo.- Opposed phase sequence (Dixon method or chemical shift).- Echoplanar imaging.- Other acquisition parameters.- Orientation of the scan plane.- Number of acquisitions.- Field of view.- Acquisition matrix (NX x NY).- Slice thickness.- Number of slices.- Acquisition time.- Gating.- 2 Contrast agents.- Iodinated contrast agents in CT.- Current data and applications in imaging.- General pharmacokinetics of uro-angiographic contrast agents.- Pharmacokinetics applicable to CT.- Bolus injection.- Injection by slow infusion.- Bolus infusion.- Intra-arterial injection.- Other applications.- Future prospects.- Safety and tolerance.- Iodine concentration imaging.- Contrast agents in MRI.- Current data and applications in imaging.- Classification of MRI contrast agents.- Paramagnetic agents.- Superparamagnetic agents or magnetic susceptibility agents.- Products containing few or no protons, such as perfluorooctylbromide.- Products currently available for diagnostic clinical use.- The chelates of gadolinium, markers of the extracellular space.- Superparamagnetic agents.- Future prospects.- Tissue specific agents.- Fast bolus tracking.- 3 Malignant intracerebral tumors.- Classification of intracranial tumors.- Presenting signs.- Imaging of intracranial tumors: general points.- CT.- Findings.- Differences between intra-axial and extra-axial tumors.- MRI.- Normal appearances.- MRI contrast agents.- Performance of MRI for intracranial tumors.- Findings specific to MRI.- Tumor localization.- Supratentorial tumors.- Intra-axial tumors.- Gliomas.- Cerebral metastases.- Lymphoma.- Pinealoma.- Extra-axial tumors.- Meningioma.- Dural metastases.- Congenital intracranial tumors.- Tumors of the sellar region.- Bony tumors.- Tumors of otorhinolaryngological origin.- Infratentorial tumors.- Infratentorial tumors in children.- Infratentorial tumors in adults.- Pretreatment assessment and management.- Follow-up and post-treatment appearances of intra-axial tumors.- 4 Tumors associated with the neurodermatoses.- Neurofibromatosis.- Neurofibromas.- Neurinomas.- Glial tumors.- Hemispheric gliomas.- Gliomas of the optic pathways.- Meningo-encephalic gliosis.- Gliomas of the spinal cord.- Hamartomas.- Meningiomas.- Other lesions.- Tuberous sclerosis of Bourneville.- Intracerebral tumors.- Subependymal nodules.- Pigmented neurodermatoses.- Basal cell nevomatoses (Gorlin’s syndrome).- Angiomatous neurodermatoses.- von Hippel-Lindau syndrome.- Intracranial hemangioblastomas.- Hemangioblastomas of the spinal cord.- 5 Tumors of the optic nerve, eye and orbit.- Clinical signs.- Techniques of investigation.- Classification of orbital tumors.- Orbital tumors in children.- Rhabdomyosarcoma.- Optic nerve glioma.- Teratoma.- Meningioma.- Dermoid cyst.- Meningoencephalocele.- Retinoblastoma.- Rare orbital tumors of childhood.- Orbital tumors of adults.- Vascular tumors.- Cavernous hemangioma.- Orbital varices.- Orbital arterio-venous fistulae.- Rare vascular tumors.- Meningeal or nerve tumors.- Meningioma.- Tumors of hematological origin.- Tumors of the lacrymal gland.- Rare primary orbital tumors.- Secondary orbital tumors by direct spread.- Secondary met