Description
Taylor & Francis Ltd Chemistry For The Life Sciences 2008 Edition by Raul Sutton
Presents short topics tied to numerical or conceptual ideas, reinforced with worked examples and questions Retaining the user-friendly style of the first edition, this text is designed to eliminate the knowledge gap for those life sciences students who have not studied chemistry at an advanced level. It contains new chapters on - * Water, covering the mole concept and colloids * Gases, discussing pressure, gas laws, partial pressure, solubility of gases, and diffusion * Metals in biology, including properties, oxygen carriers, biocatalysis, charge carriers, and toxicity The authors divide their analysis of carbon compounds into two chapters. One focuses exclusively on aliphatic carbon compounds, while the other provides a greatly expanded exploration of aromatic carbon compounds, isomerism, amines and amino acids, including benzene, aromaticity, types of isomerism, and absolute configuration. With a current examination of organic and biological reactions, this instructional volume also features end-of-chapter questions and provides a solutions manual for qualified instructors.Key Features:Focuses on the particular aspects of chemistry that underpin biochemical and biomedical studies Includes new chapters on emerging topics of interest Offers a sequence of short topics with numerical or conceptual ideas supported by worked examples and questions within the text Provides a solutions manual for qualified instructors Elements, Atoms, and ElectronsMatter and ElementsAtomsAtomic StructureIsotopesThe Periodic TableElectron Structure of AtomsCovalent Bonding and MoleculesInteractions between AtomsCovalent Bonds Are Formed by Sharing Outer ElectronsFormulae of CompoundsCovalent Bonds Formed by Combining Atomic OrbitalsSingle Overlap, the Sigma-BondDouble Overlap, the Pi-BondMolecules with s- and p-BondsHybrid Molecular OrbitalsForces Within and Between MoleculesIonic BondingPolar Covalent BondsDipole-Dipole ForcesThe Hydrogen Bondvan der Waals ForcesThe Hydrophobic EffectCoordinate BondsChemical ReactionsRates of ReactionFactors Affecting Rate of ReactionRate EquationsIntegrated Forms of Rate EquationsZero-Order ReactionsIntegrated Form of the Zero-Order Rate EquationFirst-Order ReactionsThe Integrated Form of the First-Order Rate EquationSecond-Order ReactionsIntegrated Forms of Second-Order Rate EquationsPseudo-First-Order ReactionsReversible ReactionsEquilibriumWaterThe Water MoleculeIceWaterSolutionsThe Mole ConceptCalculating Molar MassesMolarityColloidal SolutionsDiffusion and OsmosisAcids, Bases, and BuffersIonisation of WaterThe Hydrogen IonAcids and BasesStrong Acids and Strong BasesWeak Acids and Weak BasesKa and KbRelationship between Ka and KbpH, pOH, pKw, pKa, pKbSolutions of Weak Acids and BasesSalts and Salt HydrolysisBuffer SystemsCalculating the pH Values of BuffersIndicatorsTitrationsGasesPressureMeasurement of PressureIdeal Gas LawsPartial PressuresSolubility of GasesDiffusion in GasesAliphatic Carbon CompoundsSimple Molecules Containing CarbonOrganic CompoundsAlkanes and Alkyl GroupsAlkenesAlcoholsThiolsAldehydes and KetonesCarboxylic AcidsAminesLipids, Sugars, and Linkages between Reactive GroupsFatty AcidsEstersGlycerol EstersHemiacetals and HemiketalsSimple SugarsChirality in Simple SugarsStraight-Chain Sugars Spontaneously Form RingsSugar Hydroxyls Can Be Chemically ModifiedSugars Are Joined Together by Glycosidic BondsAromatic Carbon Compounds and IsomerismBenzeneBioactive Aromatic CompoundsIsomerismStructural IsomerismChain, Positional, and Functional Group IsomerismTautomerismStereoisomerismGeometrical IsomerismOptical IsomerismOrganic and Biological Reaction MechanismsReactive Sites and Functional GroupsDescribing Reaction MechanismsBimolecular Nucleophilic SubstitutionElectrophilic Addition to a Nonpolar Double BondElimination to Form an AlkeneNucleophilic Addition to a Polar Double BondFree Radical ReactionsCarbon-Carbon Bond Formation in BiosynthesisSulphur and PhosphorusThe Electron-Shell Structure and Valency of Phosphorus and SulphurSulphurThe Thiol Group and Thiol EstersPhosphate, Pyrophosphate, and PolyphosphatePhosphate EstersThe Role of Phosphate Esters and ATP in Cellular Energy MetabolismOxidation and Reduction ReactionsOxidation Is Linked to ReductionThe Chemical Changes in the REDOX ProcessSplitting REDOX ReactionsStandardising REDOX Half-ReactionsPredicting Electron FlowFree Energy and Standard Reduction PotentialsRedox Reactions and Nonstandard ConditionsMetals in BiologyGeneral Properties of Metals in BiologySome Properties of Alkali MetalsThe Alkaline Earth MetalsTransition MetalsRole of Metal as Oxygen CarrierMetals Facilitate BiocatalysisThe Role of Metal Ions as Charge CarriersThe Toxicity of MetalsEnergyThe First Law of ThermodynamicsUnits of EnergyMeasurement of EnergyInternal Energy, U, and Enthalpy, HCalorimetryHess's LawEnthalpies of FormationThe Second Law of ThermodynamicsFree EnergyInteraction of DeltaH with TDeltaSReactions and EquilibriumDeltaG and EquilibriumActivation EnergyThe Effect of the Temperature on Reaction RateThe Arrhenius EquationCatalysisEnzyme CatalysisKinetics of Enzyme ReactionsFinding Vmax and KMLight Light Is Part of the Electromagnetic SpectrumWavelength and FrequencyThe Quantum Theory of LightThe Absorption of LightThe Relationship between Light Absorption and ConcentrationThe SpectrophotometerThe Fate of Absorbed LightAppendix: Derivations of EquationsIndex