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Springer Issues and Reviews in Teratology Volume 4 1st Editon 2011 Softbound by H. Kalter
Each new volume of this publication brings the privilege of expressing some of my thoughts on subjects of interest to its readers. In the past year or so public concern about environmental and societal dangers has largely turned to those of cosmic proportion-Chernobyl, the thinning ozone layer, AIDS, and the like-and thankfully our subject matter has been allowed a respite. Even the miniepidemic of craniofacial and other malformations caused by the retinoid antiacne drug Accutane made no headlines. Incidentally, this might have been a tragedy of far greater proportions had it not been nipped in the bud by the historical ground work that quickly permitted it to be recognized as due to an environ mental teratogen-the sort of fact the public and authorities inadequately appreciate. But there is a warning connected with this abeyance of media focus on teratological matters. Disquiet over cosmic imbalances will sub side as they are corrected or horrendous projections fail to materialize, and even cures for dread infectious diseases, or Puritan revolution in terdicting such plagues, will be forthcoming, and these things will occur long before congenital malformations are no more. And as the year-in and year-out recurrence of over 100,000 an nual births of seriously malformed infants in the United States alone continues to force itself on the public consciousness, we can expect a heightened demand that 'a cure' be found, because 'if we can land a man on the moon, if we can prevent polio, why can't we . . . 1 Story of a Teratologist.- 1. Early Years.- 2. After the War.- 3. New York Incidents.- 4. Cincinnati in the 1930s.- 5. Becoming a Teratologist.- 6. Mental Retardation.- 7. Unusual Children.- 8. A Side Issue—Acrodynia.- 9. An Unwelcome Episode—Illness.- 10. The Book.- 11. Hobbies.- 12. Reading.- 13. A Geographical Adventure—Israel.- 14. Attempts at Applied Teratology—The National Foundation.- 15. Study Section.- 16. Terathanasia—An Idea.- 17. Thalidomide.- 18. Co-workers.- 19. Patient-Doctor Relations.- 20. My Physicians.- 21. Retiring.- References.- 2 One Hundred Years of Human Embryology.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Early Studies.- 3. The His Era.- 4. The Era of Monographs.- 5. The Carnegie Era.- 6. The Recent Period.- 7. The Future.- 8. Summary and Conclusion.- References.- 3 Collection and Scientific Use of Human Embryonic and Fetal Material: 25 Years of Experience.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Methods.- 3. Results.- 4. Projects by Scientists Supplied Material.- 5. Discussion.- 6. Summary.- References.- 4 Liability to Cleft Lip and Palate: Interpreting the Human Data.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Classification.- 3. Genetic Studies.- 4. Investigations Seeking Environmental Influences on Liability.- 5. Investigations Seeking Indicators of Liability Variation.- 6. Interpreting the Human Data.- References.- 5 The Relation between Alcohol Consumption and Pregnancy Outcome in Humans: A Critique.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Pregnancy Outcome in Alcoholic Women.- 3. Pregnancy Outcome and Moderate Drinking.- 4. Conclusions.- References.- 6 Experimental Teratology of Ethanol.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Prenatal and Perinatal Mortality.- 3. Teratogenicity.- 4. Intrauterine Growth Retardation.- 5. Dosage Requirements.- 6. Assessment of Animal Studies.- 7. Proximate Teratogen: Ethanol or Acetaldehyde.- 8. Mechanism of Action of Ethanol.- 9. Conclusions.- References.- 7 Animal Models for Diabetes-Induced Embryopathies.- 1. Introduction.- 2. In Vivo Models.- 3. In Vitro Models.- 4. Summary.- References.- 8 The Developmental Toxicology of Caffein.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Consumption and Use of Caffeine-Containing Foods and Beverages.- 3. Chemistry of the Methylxanthines.- 4. Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics.- 5. Animal Studies.- 6. Epidemiology of Caffeine-Associated Reproductive Toxicity and Teratogenicity.- 7. Risk Assessment.- 8 References.