Description
Springer Long Term Hemodialysis 1st Editon 2012 Softbound by Nguyen-Khoa Man, J.J. Zingraff, P. Jungers
Major advances in both the technology and the medical knowledge of maintenance hemodialysis have been made since the early stages of such treatment in the 60s. Hemodialysis is now an established therapeutic method. and the time has come to present an up-to-date approach to all its technical and medical aspects. We adopted a simple and concise style with a clear design and a large number of tables and illustrations. so that not only health professionals but patients themselves can easily understand the essentials of hemodialysis. In addition to the most recent technical developments of hemodialysis. particular attention is given to biocompatibility. adequacy of dialysis and patient nutrition. The many clinical problems encountered in the dialysis patient have been especially emphasized. since proper management may prevent most uremia-related complications. Indeed. chronic hemodialysis consists not only of providing the patient with safe and well-tolerated dialysis sessions but also of maintaining good general condition, adequate nutritional status and well-being in the long term. All of us have worked in the field of nephrology and hemodialysis at Necker Hospital for more than 25 years, and several of our very first patients are still enjoying life thanks to hemodialysis. We hope that our experience will be of help to nephrologists. renal nurses and technicians in training so that they can offer their patients, through optimal dialysis, long survival with the best possible quality of life and rehabilitation. 1. Causes and consequences of end-stage renal failure.- Epidemiology of chronic renal failure.- The uremic syndrome.- Indications for initiating dialysis therapy.- 2. Basic principles of hemodialysis.- Transport mechanisms.- Modalities of solute transport.- Evaluation of dialyzer performances.- Contribution of convection to the overall solute transport.- Assessment of solute mass removal.- 3. Blood access.- Standard arteriovenous fistula.- Alternative methods.- Complications and long-term management of arteriovenous devices.- Temporary access methods.- 4. Dialysis equipment.- Dialyzers.- Dialysis membranes.- Dialysate delivery system.- Dialysate composition.- Water treatment.- 5. Biocompatibility.- Activation of blood components.- Acute anaphylactoid reactions.- Long-term consequences of bioincompatibility.- 6. Adequacy of hemodialyis, nutrition, and dialysis prescription.- Quantification of dialysis efficacy.- Nutritional parameters of dialysis adequacy.- Choice of adequate dialysis duration.- Dietary prescription to the hemodialysis patient.- Integrated dialysis prescription.- 7. Management of the dialysis patient.- First hemodialysis session.- Monitoring of later sessions.- Technical hazards during hemodialysis sessions.- Interdialytic complications.- Modalities of hemodialysis treatment.- Long-term surveillance of the dialysis patient.- 8. Cardiovascular and neurological problems.- Hypertension.- Cardiac dysfunction in uremia.- Atherosclerosis and coronaropathy.- Pericarditis.- Valvular heart disease.- Uremic neurological involvement.- Cerebrovascular accidents.- 9. Immunologic and hematologic disorders.- Immune system dysregulation.- Bacterial infections.- Viral hepatitis.- Anemia and erythropoetin therapy.- Hemostasis disorders.- 10. Bone and joint problems.- Secondary hyperparathyroidism.- Aluminum-related osteomalacia.- Adynamic bone disease.- Beta 2-microglobulin amyloidosis.- Other osteoarticular problems.- 11. Other clinical problems.- Endocrine disorders.- Metabolic disorders.- Dermatological problems.- Gastrointestinal complications.- Complications in the diseased kidneys.- Psychological problems.- Dialysis in children.- Dialysis in the elderly.- Dialysis in the diabetic patient.- 12. Outcome and economics.- Results of maintenance hemodialysis.- Economics of dialysis therapy.- Literature for further reading.