Description
Royal Society Of Chemistry Metal-Catalysis In Industrial Organic Processes by Gian Paolo Chiusoli
Catalysis underpins most modern industrial organic processes. It has become an essential tool in creating a 'greener' chemical industry by replacing more traditional stoichiometric reactions, which have high energy consumption and high waste production, with mild processes which increasingly resemble Nature's enzymes. Metal-Catalysis in Industrial Organic Processes considers the major areas of the field and discusses the logic of using catalysis in industrial processes. The book provides information on oxidation, hydrogenation, carbonylation, C-C bond formation, metathesis and polymerization processes, as well as on the mechanisms involved. In addition two appendices offer a concise treatment of homogeneous and heterogenous catalysis. Numerous exercises referring to problems of catalytic processes, and research perspectives complete the book. This definitive reference source, written by practising experts in the field, provides detailed and up-to-date information on key aspects of metal catalysis. INTRODUCTION. Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury: From Bench to Bedside and Back Again. ACUTE MANIFESTATIONS OF VILI. Pathological Features of ARDS and VILI. Imaging Alveolar Mechanics During VILI. Response of Cellular Plasma Membrane to Mechanical Stress. Passive and Active Changes in Microcascular Permeability During Lung Distension. Meodynamic Interactions During VILI. Gene Expression During VILI. Lung Mechanics and VILI. Effects of Acute Lung Distension on the Cytokine Network. SUBACUTE VILI. Inflammation Cascade During VILI. Apoptosis in the Lung and Remote Organs During VILI. Systemic Consequences of VILI/Evidence for Organ Failure Causation. Interaction of VILI with Previous Lung Alterations. Modulation of Lung Injury by Hypercapnia. Potential Implications of Genomics in the Prevention and Treatment of VILI. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS OF VILI. Lung Imaging of Ventilator-Associated Injury. The Future of Lung Imaging of VILI/VALI. Modulation of the Cytokine Network by Lung Protective Mechanical Ventilation Strategies. Role of Tidal Volume and of Peep in the Reduction of Ventilator-Associated Lung Injury. A Critical Review of Randomized Controls of Tidal Volume Reduction During ARDS. PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF VILI. The Importance of Protocol-Directed Management for Research on Lung Protective Ventilation. How to Design Clinical Studies for the Prevention of Ventilator-Associated Lung Injury? Potential Benefits and Risks of Partial Liquid Ventilation During Acute Lung Injury. Prospects for Reduction of VILI with Surfactant. Rationale for HFO Ventilations in Acute Lung Injury