Description
Taylor & Francis Ltd Polymer Characterization Physical Techniques 2Nd Edition 2001 by Dan Campbell, Richard A. Pethrick, Jim R. White
Discerning the properties of polymers and polymer-based materials requires a good understanding of characterization. This revised and updated text provides a comprehensive survey of characterization methods within its simple, concise chapters. Polymer Characterization: Physical Techniques, provides an overview of a wide variety of characterization methods, which makes it an excellent textbook and reference. It starts with a description of basic polymer science, providing a solid foundation from which to understand the key physical characterization techniques. The authors explain physical principles without heavy theory and give special emphasis to the application of the techniques to polymers, with plenty of illustrations. Topics covered include molecular weight determination, molecular and structural characterization by spectroscopic techniques, morphology and structural characterization by microscopy and diffraction, and thermal analysis. This edition contains a new chapter on surface analysis as well as some revised problems and solutions. The concise treatment of each topic offers even those with little prior knowledge of the subject an accessible source to relevant, simple descriptions in a well-organized format. INTRODUCTION: PRELIMINARY SURVEY The Purpose of Characterization Molecular Architecture Amorphous Polymers Crystallizing Polymers Survey of Characterization Techniques References Further Reading MOLECULAR MASS DETERMINATION Introduction Primary Methods Secondary Methods Other Methods Conclusions Further Reading Exercises INTRODUCTION TO SPECTROSCOPIC TECHNIQUES General Remarks Strategy in Spectroscopic Studies Energy Level Calculations Properties of Electromagnetic Radiation Double Beam Optics Fourier Transform Spectroscopy References ULTRAVIOLET-VISIBLE SPECTROSCOPY Introduction Instrumentation Theoretical Estimation of Electronic Energy Levels Application to Polymers References VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY: INFRARED AND RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY Fundamentals of Vibrational Spectroscopy Experimental Techniques Applications to Polymers Raman Analysis Near-Infrared (NIR) Conclusions References NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY Introduction Principles of Magnetic Resonance Experimental Techniques Applications of NMR to Polymers NMR of Polymers in the Solid State Two-Dimensional NMR NMR Imaging Conclusions References Exercises ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY Introduction Basic Theory Experimental Considerations Polymerization Studies Radiation Effects in Polymers Mechanical Degradation Thermal Degradation Relaxation Studies ESR Imaging Conclusions Further Reading Exercises XRAY DIFFRACTION Introduction Generation and Properties of X-rays Diffraction Theory Practical Aspects Applications to Polymer Characterization Conclusions References Further Reading Exercises TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY AND DIFFRACTION Introduction Layout of the TEM Resolution Limitation Electron Diffraction Image Contrast Operating Conditions and Procedures for Beam-sensitive Materials Polymer Studies in TEM Multiple Dark Field Imaging Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM) References Further Reading Exercises SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY Introduction Design and Operation of the SEM Observation of Polymers in the SEM Examples of SEM Applications with Polymers Conclusions Further Reading Exercises LIGHT OPTICAL TECHNIQUES Introduction Refractive Index Birefringence Light Microscopy Small Angle Light Scattering References Further Reading Advanced Reading Exercises THERMAL ANALYSIS Introduction Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) Thermomechanical Analysis Thermogravimetric Analysis Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Analysis Dielectric Thermal Analysis (DETA) References DENSITY, SURFACE PROPERTIES AND NEUTRON DIFFRACTION Density Surface Analysis of Polymeric Materials Chemical Analysis of the Polymer Surface Surface Probe or Scanning Tip Microscopy Neutron Scattering Studies References Further Reading Exercises MULTIPLE CHARACTERIZATION APPLICATIONS The Structure of a Spherulite Skin-core Characterization in Moulded Polymers Weathering of Polymers Particular Studies Conclusions References THEORETICAL PREDICTIONS OF THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF POLYMERIC MATERIALS Introduction Types of Approach Available for Modelling Polymer Physical Properties Molecular Based Structural Additivity Calculations Ab initio Calculations of Polymeric Properties References APPENDIX INDEX