Description
American Institute of Physics Production And Neutralization Of Negative Ions And Beams 10Th International Symposium On Production And Neutralization Of Negative Ions And Beams by Joseph D. Sherman , Yuri I Belchenko
This symposium addresses all aspects of H- and D- sources, the formation of negative hydrogen and deuterium beams from these sources, and their beam transport properties. The discussion includes both the latest theoretical and experimental work in these areas. The negative ion sources are multicusp, Penning, magnetron, rf (1-13 MHz), surface converter, microwave/ECR (GHz frequency), and polarized source types. Experimental work also includes beam chopping, space-charge lenses, optimized negative ion extraction systems, and beam diagnostics. The negative ion production mechanisms are volume (pure hydrogen or deuterium discharge) and surface production using cesium or other alkali metal to catalyze negative ion production. Theoretical analyses include plasma chemistry, particle-in-cell modeling, and H-/D- extraction physics simulations. The main applications for H- sources are in high-energy neutral beam injectors for fusion reactors and H- sources for charge exchange injection into synchrotrons or spallation neutron source storage rings.show more Edwin Mansfield: An Appreciation.- Innovation, Technology, and Economic Growth.- Flexibility and Endogenous Innovation.- Schumpeter and the Micro-foundations of Endogenous Growth.- Technology and Technology Transfer: Mansfieldian Inspirations and Subsequent Developments.- Welfare Implications of User Innovation.- Underinvestment in Public Good Technologies.- Evaluating Public Sector R&D Programs: The Advanced Technology Program's Investment in Wavelength References for Optical Fiber.- Research and Development and Innovation.- Industrial R&D Laboratories: Windows on Black Boxes?.- Public Policy and Environmental Research and Development.- The Importance of R&D for Innovation: A Reassessment Using French Survey Data.- University R&D and Firm Productivity: Evidence from Italy.- Reflections on Mansfield, Technological Complexity, and the "Golden Age" of U.S. Corporate R&D.- The Welfare Effects of Research and Production Joint Ventures.- Research Joint Ventures in the United States: A Descriptive Analysis.- Patenting and the Diffusion of Knowledge.- Exploring the Patent Explosion.- The University and the Start-Up: Lessons from the Past Two Decades.- Patents and Appropriation: Concerns and Evidence.- The Bayh-Dole Act of 1980 and University-Industry Technology Transfer: A Model for Other OECD Governments?.- Financing Constraints in the Inter Firm Diffusion of New Process Technologies.- Ed Mansfield and the Diffusion of Innovation: An Evolutionary Connection.- Mansfield's Missing Link: The Impact of Knowledge Spillovers on Firm Growth.- Predictable Cross-Industry Heterogeneity in Industry Dynamics.- Mansfield's Innovation in the Theory of Innovation.- Modeling the Impact of Technical Change on Emissions Abatement Investments in Developing Countries.