Description
Taylor & Francis Ltd Understanding Drug Release And Absorption Mechanisms A Physical And Mathematical Approach 2006 Edition by Mario Grassi
Demand for better reliability from drug delivery systems has caused designers and researchers to move away from trial-and-error approaches and toward model-based methods of product development. Developing such models requires cross-disciplinary physical, mathematical, and physiological knowledge. Combining these areas under a single cover, Understanding Drug Release and Absorption Mechanisms builds a firm understanding ofall elements needed to conceive, build, and implement successful models of drug release. Written by experts with broad industrial and academic experience, this book discusses the underlying physical principles, shows how to build mathematical models based on these principles, and finally compares the resulting models with experimental results. The authors begin by introducing the basics of modeling, physiological details of gastrointestinal and dermal absorption pathways, rheology, mass transport and thermodynamics, dissolution and partitioning, as well as size effects on the dissolution of crystallites. From this baseline, the authors explore applications in drug release from various delivery systems, specifically matrix systems, microemulsions, and permeability through membranes. Working systematically from theory to working models, Understanding Drug Release and Absorption Mechanisms: A Physical and Mathematical Approach demonstrates the steps involved in designing, building, and implementing realistic and reliable models of drug release without unrealistically simplifying the theoretical parameters. Mathematical Modeling Introduction Model Building Model Fitting Models Comparison Conclusions References Gastrointestinal Tract Macro- and Microscopic Anatomy of the Gastrointestinal Tract Intestinal Absorption Human and Animal GI Tract: A Comparison Skin Anatomy Skin Delivery Strategies Animal Model of Skin Delivery References Rheology Introduction Viscosity and Newtonian Fluids Shear-Dependent Viscosity and Non-Newtonian Fluids Shear Flows Not Only Viscosity: Normal Stress Differences and Other Material Functions Extensional Flows and Complex Flows Time-Dependence: Thixotropy and Viscoelasticity Linear Viscoelasticity Rheological Properties and Structural Features Conclusive Considerations on Rheology Applications to Drug Delivery Systems References Mass Transport Introduction Thermodynamic Concepts Kinetics Fick's Equation Effect of Initial and Boundary Conditions Conclusions References Drug Dissolution and Partitioning Introduction Dissolution Partitioning Dissolution and Partitioning Conclusions References Dissolution of Crystallites: Effects of Size on Solubility Introduction Thermodynamic Concepts Experimental Methods and Limitations Conclusions References Drug Release from Matrix Systems Introduction Matrices Mathematical Modeling Conclusions References Drug Release from Microemulsions Introduction Microemulsions: Structure Microemulsions: Thermodynamics Microemulsions: Experimental Characterization Microemulsions and Drug Release Conclusions References Drug Permeation through Membranes Introduction Synthetic Membranes Biological Membranes Conclusions References Index